Specialist dictionary

Pathology

The study and diagnosis of disease through tissues, cells and laboratory evidence.

Areas within Pathology

Cardiology

Heart and cardiovascular medicine.

97 words

Neurology

The nervous system and its disorders.

706 words

Oncology

Cancer study, diagnosis and treatment.

158 words

Dermatology

Skin, hair and nail medicine.

201 words

Gastroenterology

The digestive system and its disorders.

59 words

Immunology

Immunity and immune-system function.

142 words

Pharmacology

Medicines, drugs and their effects.

411 words

General medicine

General clinical and healthcare terminology.

1.2k words

Clinical research

Research that evaluates health interventions, diagnostics and patient outcomes.

57 words

Emergency medicine

Assessment and treatment of urgent and life-threatening conditions.

46 words

Endocrinology

Hormones, endocrine glands and metabolic disorders.

195 words

Haematology

Blood, blood-forming organs and blood disorders.

137 words

Health policy

Policy, funding, access, inequality and the organisation of healthcare.

8 words

Health systems

How healthcare is organised, delivered and coordinated.

2 words

Infectious disease

Diseases caused by pathogens and their prevention and treatment.

200 words

Medical ethics

Ethical principles in clinical care and health research.

22 words

Nephrology

Kidney function and kidney disease.

36 words

Ophthalmology

The eye, vision and eye disease.

60 words

Orthopaedics

Bones, joints, muscles and the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions.

71 words

Pathology

The study and diagnosis of disease through tissues, cells and laboratory evidence.

191 words

Public health

Population health, prevention, epidemiology and health promotion.

38 words

Pulmonology

The respiratory system and diseases of the lungs.

52 words

Radiology

Medical imaging and image-guided diagnosis or treatment.

40 words

Rheumatology

Inflammatory and autoimmune conditions affecting joints and connective tissue.

153 words

Surgery

Operative treatment, surgical methods and perioperative care.

129 words

Urology

The urinary system and related conditions.

50 words

Anaesthesiology

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

35 words

Dentistry oral health

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

75 words

Geriatrics

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

7 words

Laboratory medicine

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

27 words

Medical anatomy

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

406 words

Medical genetics

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

129 words

Medical physiology

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

149 words

Obstetrics gynaecology

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

81 words

Otolaryngology

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

57 words

Paediatrics

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

67 words

Psychiatry

Specialist vocabulary classified under Medicine and healthcare.

140 words
Core vocabulary

120 featured terms

The database can contain more terms than shown here; this page prioritises the strongest mappings.

Amyloidnoun

(pathology) a waxy translucent complex protein resembling starch that results from degeneration of tissue

Blebnoun

(pathology) an elevation of the skin filled with serous fluid

Blisternoun

(pathology) an elevation of the skin filled with serous fluid

Bullanoun

(pathology) an elevation of the skin filled with serous fluid

Clostridial myonecrosisnoun

(pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a biowe…

Cold gangrenenoun

(pathology) gangrene that develops in the presence of arterial obstruction and is characterized by dryness of the dead tissue and a dark brown c…

Dry gangrenenoun

(pathology) gangrene that develops in the presence of arterial obstruction and is characterized by dryness of the dead tissue and a dark brown c…

Emphysematous gangrenenoun

(pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a biowe…

Emphysematous phlegmonnoun

(pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a biowe…

Excrescencenoun

(pathology) an abnormal outgrowth or enlargement of some part of the body

Gangrenous emphysemanoun

(pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a biowe…

Gas gangrenenoun

(pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a biowe…

Gas phlegmonnoun

(pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a biowe…

Growthnoun

(pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)

Inactiveadjective

(pathology) not progressing or increasing; or progressing slowly

Incubationnoun

(pathology) the phase in the development of an infection between the time a pathogen enters the body and the time the first symptoms appear

Insufficiencynoun

(pathology) inability of a bodily part or organ to function normally

Invasionnoun

(pathology) the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the body; "the tumor's invasion of surrounding structures"

Irritationnoun

(pathology) abnormal sensitivity to stimulation; "any food produced irritation of the stomach"

Jactationnoun

(pathology) extremely restless tossing and twitching usually by a person with a severe illness

Jactitationnoun

(pathology) extremely restless tossing and twitching usually by a person with a severe illness

Latentadjective

(pathology) not presently active; "latent infection"; "latent diabetes"

Mumification necrosisnoun

(pathology) gangrene that develops in the presence of arterial obstruction and is characterized by dryness of the dead tissue and a dark brown c…

Mummificationnoun

(pathology) gangrene that develops in the presence of arterial obstruction and is characterized by dryness of the dead tissue and a dark brown c…

Nebulanoun

(pathology) a faint cloudy spot on the cornea

Plaquenoun

(pathology) a small abnormal patch on or inside the body

Progressive emphysematous necrosisnoun

(pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a biowe…

Quiescentadjective

(pathology) causing no symptoms; "a quiescent tumor"

Shocknoun

(pathology) bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapi…

Spasmnoun

(pathology) sudden constriction of a hollow organ (as a blood vessel)

Strangulationnoun

(pathology) constriction of a body part so as to cut off the flow of blood or other fluid; "strangulation of the intestine"

Verrucanoun

(pathology) a firm abnormal elevated blemish on the skin; caused by a virus

Wartnoun

(pathology) a firm abnormal elevated blemish on the skin; caused by a virus

Apoptosisnoun

a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to co…

Biopsynoun

examination of tissues or liquids from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease

Carcinomanoun

any malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue; one of the four major types of cancer

Caspase-mediated cell deathnoun

a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to co…

Dysplasianoun

abnormal development (of organs or cells) or an abnormal structure resulting from such growth

Fibrosisnoun

development of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ

Gangrenenoun

the localized death of living cells (as from infection or the interruption of blood supply)

Hyperplasianoun

abnormal increase in number of cells

Immunohistochemistrynoun

an assay that shows specific antigens in tissues by the use of markers that are either fluorescent dyes or enzymes (such as horseradish peroxida…

Mortificationnoun

the localized death of living cells (as from infection or the interruption of blood supply)

Necrosisnoun

the localized death of living cells (as from infection or the interruption of blood supply)

Neoplasianoun

the pathological process that results in the formation and growth of a tumor

Programmed cell deathnoun

a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to co…

Sphacelusnoun

the localized death of living cells (as from infection or the interruption of blood supply)

Biopsynoun

A sample of tissue taken from the body for diagnostic examination.

Amyloid plaquenoun

a plaque consisting of tangles of amyloid protein in nervous tissue (a pathological mark of Alzheimer's disease)

Amyloid protein plaquenoun

a plaque consisting of tangles of amyloid protein in nervous tissue (a pathological mark of Alzheimer's disease)

Arterial plaquenoun

a fatty deposit inside an arterial wall; characteristic of atherosclerosis

Bacterial plaquenoun

a film of mucus and bacteria deposited on the teeth that encourages the development of dental caries

Blood blisternoun

blister containing blood or bloody serum usually caused by an injury

Bronchospasmnoun

a spasm of the bronchi that makes exhalation difficult and noisy; associated with asthma and bronchitis

Cardiac insufficiencynoun

inadequate blood flow to the heart muscles; can cause angina pectoris

Cardiogenic shocknoun

shock caused by cardiac arrest

Cardiospasmnoun

a spasm of the cardiac sphincter (between the esophagus and the stomach); if the cardiac sphincter does not relax during swallowing the passage…

Common wartnoun

a benign growth (often with a rough surface)

Condyloma acuminatumnoun

a small benign wart on or around the genitals and anus

Coronary insufficiencynoun

inadequate blood flow to the heart muscles; can cause angina pectoris

Dental plaquenoun

a film of mucus and bacteria deposited on the teeth that encourages the development of dental caries

Distributive shocknoun

shock caused by poor distribution of the blood flow

Exostosisnoun

a benign outgrowth from a bone (usually covered with cartilage)

Genital wartnoun

a small benign wart on or around the genitals and anus

Hamartomanoun

a focal growth that resembles a neoplasm but results from faulty development in an organ

Heavenoun

an involuntary spasm of ineffectual vomiting; "a bad case of the heaves"

Hypovolemic shocknoun

shock caused by severe blood or fluid loss

Insulin reactionnoun

hypoglycemia produced by excessive insulin in the system causing coma

Insulin shocknoun

hypoglycemia produced by excessive insulin in the system causing coma

Juvenile wartnoun

a small benign growth on the faces of hands of children

Laryngismusnoun

laryngeal spasm caused by the sudden contraction of laryngeal muscles

Neoplasmnoun

an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose

Obstructive shocknoun

shock caused by obstruction of blood flow

Pedunclenoun

the thin process of tissue that attaches a polyp to the body

Plantar wartnoun

a wart occurring on the sole of the foot; "pressure causes plantar warts to develop a painful callus around the soft center"

Polypnoun

a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane

Polypusnoun

a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane

Pustulenoun

a small inflamed elevation of skin containing pus; a blister filled with pus

Retchnoun

an involuntary spasm of ineffectual vomiting; "a bad case of the heaves"

Tumornoun

an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose

Tumournoun

an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose

Vegetationnoun

an abnormal growth or excrescence (especially a warty excrescence on the valves of the heart)

Venereal wartnoun

a small benign wart on or around the genitals and anus

Verruca acuminatanoun

a small benign wart on or around the genitals and anus

Water blisternoun

blister containing a nonpurulent clear watery content

Adenocarcinomanoun

malignant tumor originating in glandular epithelium

Anaplasianoun

loss of structural differentiation within a cell or group of cells often with increased capacity for multiplication, as in a malignant tumor

Aplasianoun

failure of some tissue or organ to develop

Benign prostatic hyperplasianoun

enlarged prostate; appears to be part of the natural aging process

Blood testnoun

a serologic analysis of a sample of blood

BPHnoun

enlarged prostate; appears to be part of the natural aging process

Breast cancernoun

cancer of the breast; one of the most common malignancies in women in the US

Cancer of the livernoun

malignant neoplastic disease of the liver usually occurring as a metastasis from another cancer; symptoms include loss of appetite and weakness…

Carcinoma in situnoun

a cluster of malignant cells that has not yet invaded the deeper epithelial tissue or spread to other parts of the body

CFnoun

the most common hereditary disease; the child's lungs and intestines and pancreas become clogged with thick mucus; caused by defect in a single…

Chorionic villus biopsynoun

a prenatal test to detect birth defects at an early stage of pregnancy; tissue from the chorionic villi is assayed

Chorionic villus samplingnoun

a prenatal test to detect birth defects at an early stage of pregnancy; tissue from the chorionic villi is assayed

Colon cancernoun

a malignant tumor of the colon; early symptom is bloody stools

Cystic fibrosisnoun

the most common hereditary disease; the child's lungs and intestines and pancreas become clogged with thick mucus; caused by defect in a single…

Embryonal carcinomanoun

malignant neoplasm of the testis

Endometrial cancernoun

cancer of the uterine lining

Endometrial carcinomanoun

cancer of the uterine lining

Fibrocystic disease of the pancreasnoun

the most common hereditary disease; the child's lungs and intestines and pancreas become clogged with thick mucus; caused by defect in a single…

Fibrous dysplasia of bonenoun

a disturbance in which bone that is undergoing lysis is replaced by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue resulting in bone lesions or ski…

Glandular cancernoun

malignant tumor originating in glandular epithelium

Glandular carcinomanoun

malignant tumor originating in glandular epithelium

Hepatocarcinomanoun

carcinoma of the liver

Hepatocellular carcinomanoun

carcinoma of the liver

Hepatomanoun

carcinoma of the liver

Hypertrophynoun

abnormal enlargement of a body part or organ

Hypoplasianoun

underdevelopment of an organ because of a decrease in the number of cells

Liver cancernoun

malignant neoplastic disease of the liver usually occurring as a metastasis from another cancer; symptoms include loss of appetite and weakness…

Lung cancernoun

carcinoma of the lungs; one of the commonest forms of cancer

Malignant hepatomanoun

carcinoma of the liver

Mesotheliomanoun

a form of carcinoma of the mesothelium lining lungs or abdomen or heart; usually associated with exposure to asbestos dust

Mucoviscidosisnoun

the most common hereditary disease; the child's lungs and intestines and pancreas become clogged with thick mucus; caused by defect in a single…

Myelofibrosisnoun

fibrosis of the bone marrow

Myonecrosisnoun

localized death of muscle cell fibers

Needle biopsynoun

biopsy of deep tissue that is obtained through a hollow needle

Oat cell carcinomanoun

highly malignant carcinoma composed of small round or egg-shaped cells with little cytoplasm; lung cancers are frequently oat cell carcinomas