Specialist dictionary

Nuclear physics

Specialist vocabulary classified under Physics.

Core vocabulary

36 featured terms

The database can contain more terms than shown here; this page prioritises the strongest mappings.

Alpha particlenoun

a positively charged particle that is the nucleus of the helium atom; emitted from natural or radioactive isotopes

Atomic physicsnoun

the branch of physics that studies the internal structure of atomic nuclei

Beta particlenoun

a high-speed electron or positron emitted in the decay of a radioactive isotope

Binding energynoun

the energy required to separate particles from a molecule or atom or nucleus; equals the mass defect

Decaynoun

the spontaneous disintegration of a radioactive substance along with the emission of ionizing radiation

Disintegrationnoun

the spontaneous disintegration of a radioactive substance along with the emission of ionizing radiation

Gamma radiationnoun

electromagnetic radiation emitted during radioactive decay and having an extremely short wavelength

Gamma raynoun

electromagnetic radiation emitted during radioactive decay and having an extremely short wavelength

isotopenoun

one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons

Mass defectnoun

the amount by which the mass of an atomic nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of its constituent particles

Mass deficiencynoun

the amount by which the mass of an atomic nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of its constituent particles

neutronnoun

an elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton; enters into the structure of the atomic nucleus

Nuclear physicsnoun

the branch of physics that studies the internal structure of atomic nuclei

Nucleonicsnoun

the branch of physics that studies the internal structure of atomic nuclei

Protonnoun

a stable particle with positive charge equal to the negative charge of an electron

Radiationnoun

the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay

Radioactive decaynoun

the spontaneous disintegration of a radioactive substance along with the emission of ionizing radiation

Radioactivitynoun

the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay

Separation energynoun

the energy required to separate particles from a molecule or atom or nucleus; equals the mass defect

Fissionnoun

a nuclear reaction in which a massive nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy

Nuclear fissionnoun

a nuclear reaction in which a massive nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy

Fusionnoun

a nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy

Nuclear fusionnoun

a nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy

Nuclear fusion reactionnoun

a nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy

Alpha decaynoun

radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus that is accompanied by the emission of an alpha particle

Beta decaynoun

radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus that is accompanied by the emission of a beta particle

Corpuscular radiationnoun

a stream of atomic or subatomic particles that may be charged positively (e.g. alpha particles) or negatively (e.g. beta particles) or not at al…

Deuteriumnoun

an isotope of hydrogen which has one neutron (as opposed to zero neutrons in hydrogen)

Heavy hydrogennoun

an isotope of hydrogen which has one neutron (as opposed to zero neutrons in hydrogen)

Hydrogen ionnoun

a positively charged atom of hydrogen; that is to say, a normal hydrogen atomic nucleus

Particulate radiationnoun

a stream of atomic or subatomic particles that may be charged positively (e.g. alpha particles) or negatively (e.g. beta particles) or not at al…

Radioisotopenoun

a radioactive isotope of an element; produced either naturally or artificially

Chain reactionnoun

a self-sustaining nuclear reaction; a series of nuclear fissions in which neutrons released by splitting one atom leads to the splitting of othe…

Labelnoun

a radioactive isotope that is used in a compound in order to trace the mechanism of a chemical reaction

Tracernoun

(radiology) any radioactive isotope introduced into the body to study metabolism or other biological processes

Carbon cyclenoun

a thermonuclear reaction in the interior of stars