Specialist dictionary

Astrophysics

Specialist vocabulary classified under Physics.

Core vocabulary

120 featured terms

The database can contain more terms than shown here; this page prioritises the strongest mappings.

Absolute magnitudenoun

(astronomy) the magnitude that a star would have if it were viewed from a distance of 10 parsecs (32.62 light years) from the earth

Accretionnoun

(astronomy) the formation of a celestial object by the effect of gravity pulling together surrounding objects and gases

Alignmentnoun

(astronomy) apparent meeting or passing of two or more celestial bodies in the same degree of the zodiac

Anomalynoun

(astronomy) position of a planet as defined by its angular distance from its perihelion (as observed from the sun)

Apoapsisnoun

(astronomy) the point in an orbit farthest from the body being orbited

Ascensionnoun

(astronomy) the rising of a star above the horizon

Asterismnoun

(astronomy) a cluster of stars (or a small constellation)

Astronomynoun

the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

Autumnal equinoxnoun

(astronomy) the equinoctial point that lies in the constellation of Virgo

Barycenternoun

(astronomy) the common center of mass around which two or more bodies revolve

Canalnoun

(astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

Celestial latitudenoun

(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial body north or to the south of the celestial equator; expressed in degrees; used with right ascen…

Celestial longitudenoun

(astronomy) the equatorial coordinate specifying the angle, measured eastward along the celestial equator, from the vernal equinox to the inters…

Comanoun

(astronomy) the luminous cloud of particles surrounding the frozen nucleus of a comet; forms as the comet approaches the sun and is warmed

Cometnoun

(astronomy) a relatively small extraterrestrial body consisting of a frozen mass that travels around the sun in a highly elliptical orbit

Conjunctionnoun

(astronomy) apparent meeting or passing of two or more celestial bodies in the same degree of the zodiac

Copernican systemnoun

(astronomy) Copernicus' astronomical model in which the Earth rotates around the sun

Culminationnoun

(astronomy) a heavenly body's highest celestial point above an observer's horizon

Date of referencenoun

(astronomy) an arbitrarily fixed date that is the point in time relative to which information (as coordinates of a celestial body) is recorded

Decnoun

(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial body north or to the south of the celestial equator; expressed in degrees; used with right ascen…

Declinationnoun

(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial body north or to the south of the celestial equator; expressed in degrees; used with right ascen…

Egressnoun

(astronomy) the reappearance of a celestial body after an eclipse

Emersionnoun

(astronomy) the reappearance of a celestial body after an eclipse

Ephemeris timenoun

(astronomy) a measure of time defined by Earth's orbital motion; terrestrial time is mean solar time corrected for the irregularities of the Ear…

Epochnoun

(astronomy) an arbitrarily fixed date that is the point in time relative to which information (as coordinates of a celestial body) is recorded

Equinoctial pointnoun

(astronomy) either of the two celestial points at which the celestial equator intersects the ecliptic

Equinoxnoun

(astronomy) either of the two celestial points at which the celestial equator intersects the ecliptic

Extragalactic nebulanoun

(astronomy) a collection of star systems; any of the billions of systems each having many stars and nebulae and dust; "‘extragalactic nebula’ is…

Galaxynoun

(astronomy) a collection of star systems; any of the billions of systems each having many stars and nebulae and dust; "‘extragalactic nebula’ is…

Hanoun

(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial point measured westward along the celestial equator from the zenith crossing; the right ascensio…

Hour anglenoun

(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial point measured westward along the celestial equator from the zenith crossing; the right ascensio…

Hubble lawnoun

(astronomy) the generalization that the speed of recession of distant galaxies (the red shift) is proportional to their distance from the observ…

Hubble's lawnoun

(astronomy) the generalization that the speed of recession of distant galaxies (the red shift) is proportional to their distance from the observ…

Immersionnoun

(astronomy) the disappearance of a celestial body prior to an eclipse

Inclinationnoun

(astronomy) the angle between the plane of the orbit and the plane of the ecliptic stated in degrees

Inclination of an orbitnoun

(astronomy) the angle between the plane of the orbit and the plane of the ecliptic stated in degrees

Inferior conjunctionnoun

(astronomy) the alignment of the Earth and a planet on the same side of the sun

Ingressnoun

(astronomy) the disappearance of a celestial body prior to an eclipse

Kepler's lawnoun

(astronomy) one of three empirical laws of planetary motion stated by Johannes Kepler

Kepler's law of planetary motionnoun

(astronomy) one of three empirical laws of planetary motion stated by Johannes Kepler

Librationnoun

(astronomy) a real or apparent slow oscillation of a moon or satellite; "the libration of the moon"

Limbnoun

(astronomy) the circumferential edge of the apparent disc of the sun or the moon or a planet

Major planetnoun

(astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light; Mercury, Venus,…

Mean solar timenoun

(astronomy) time based on the motion of the mean sun (an imaginary sun moving uniformly along the celestial equator)

Mean timenoun

(astronomy) time based on the motion of the mean sun (an imaginary sun moving uniformly along the celestial equator)

Meteornoun

(astronomy) any of the small solid extraterrestrial bodies that hits the earth's atmosphere

Meteoroidnoun

(astronomy) any of the small solid extraterrestrial bodies that hits the earth's atmosphere

Nodenoun

(astronomy) a point where an orbit crosses a plane

Nucleosynthesisnoun

(astronomy) the cosmic synthesis of atoms more complex than the hydrogen atom

Nucleusnoun

(astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to…

Oort cloudnoun

(astronomy) a hypothetical huge collection of comets orbiting the sun far beyond the orbit of Pluto; perturbations (as by other stars) can upset…

Orbital planenoun

(astronomy) the plane on which a body is orbiting

Outer planetnoun

(astronomy) a major planet whose orbit is outside the asteroid belt (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto)

Periapsisnoun

(astronomy) the point in an orbit closest to the body being orbited

Phasenoun

(astronomy) the particular appearance of a body's state of illumination (especially one of the recurring shapes of the part of Earth's moon that…

Planetnoun

(astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light; Mercury, Venus,…

Point of apoapsisnoun

(astronomy) the point in an orbit farthest from the body being orbited

Point of periapsisnoun

(astronomy) the point in an orbit closest to the body being orbited

Primarynoun

(astronomy) a celestial body (especially a star) relative to other objects in orbit around it

Ptolemaic systemnoun

(astronomy) Ptolemy's model of the universe with the Earth at the center

Ranoun

(astronomy) the equatorial coordinate specifying the angle, measured eastward along the celestial equator, from the vernal equinox to the inters…

Red shiftnoun

(astronomy) a shift in the spectra of very distant galaxies toward longer wavelengths (toward the red end of the spectrum); generally interprete…

Redshiftnoun

(astronomy) a shift in the spectra of very distant galaxies toward longer wavelengths (toward the red end of the spectrum); generally interprete…

Right ascensionnoun

(astronomy) the equatorial coordinate specifying the angle, measured eastward along the celestial equator, from the vernal equinox to the inters…

Starnoun

(astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

Star atlasnoun

(astronomy) a series of star maps for different times, for example, for each month; the maps are generally drawn to a small scale and in book fo…

Superior conjunctionnoun

(astronomy) the alignment of the Earth and a planet on the opposite side of the sun

TDTnoun

(astronomy) a measure of time defined by Earth's orbital motion; terrestrial time is mean solar time corrected for the irregularities of the Ear…

Terrestrial dynamical timenoun

(astronomy) a measure of time defined by Earth's orbital motion; terrestrial time is mean solar time corrected for the irregularities of the Ear…

Terrestrial timenoun

(astronomy) a measure of time defined by Earth's orbital motion; terrestrial time is mean solar time corrected for the irregularities of the Ear…

TTnoun

(astronomy) a measure of time defined by Earth's orbital motion; terrestrial time is mean solar time corrected for the irregularities of the Ear…

Uranologynoun

the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

Variationnoun

(astronomy) any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite (especially a perturbation of the earth's moon)

Vernal equinoxnoun

(astronomy) the equinoctial point that lies in the constellation of Pisces

Astrophysicsnoun

the branch of astronomy concerned with the physical and chemical properties of celestial bodies

Black holenoun

a region of space resulting from the collapse of a star; extremely high gravitational field

Brightnessnoun

the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light; "its luminosity is measured relative to that of our sun"

Brightness levelnoun

the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light; "its luminosity is measured relative to that of our sun"

CBRnoun

(cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about…

CMBnoun

(cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about…

CMBRnoun

(cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about…

Cosmic background radiationnoun

(cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about…

Cosmic microwave backgroundnoun

(cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about…

Cosmic microwave background radiationnoun

(cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about…

Dark matternoun

(cosmology) a hypothetical form of matter that is believed to make up 90 percent of the universe; it is invisible (does not absorb or emit light…

Lightnoun

the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light; "its luminosity is measured relative to that of our sun"

Luminancenoun

the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light; "its luminosity is measured relative to that of our sun"

Luminositynoun

the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light; "its luminosity is measured relative to that of our sun"

Luminousnessnoun

the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light; "its luminosity is measured relative to that of our sun"

Neutron starnoun

a star that has collapsed under its own gravity; it is composed of neutrons

Supernovanoun

a star that explodes and becomes extremely luminous in the process

White dwarfnoun

a faint star of enormous density

White dwarf starnoun

a faint star of enormous density

Cosmogenynoun

the branch of astrophysics that studies the origin and evolution and structure of the universe

Cosmogonynoun

the branch of astrophysics that studies the origin and evolution and structure of the universe

Cosmologynoun

the branch of astrophysics that studies the origin and evolution and structure of the universe

Aphelionnoun

apoapsis in solar orbit; the point in the orbit of a planet or comet that is at the greatest distance from the sun

Apogeenoun

apoapsis in Earth orbit; the point in its orbit where a satellite is at the greatest distance from the Earth

Apojovenoun

apoapsis in orbit around Jupiter

Apolunenoun

apoapsis in orbit around the moon

Aposelenenoun

apoapsis in orbit around the moon

Ascending nodenoun

the point at which an orbit crosses the ecliptic plane going north

Astrodynamicsnoun

the branch of astronomy that studies the motion of natural and artificial bodies in space

Astrometrynoun

the branch of astronomy that deals with the measurement of the position and motion of celestial bodies

Binarynoun

a system of two stars that revolve around each other under their mutual gravitation

Binary starnoun

a system of two stars that revolve around each other under their mutual gravitation

Celestial mechanicsnoun

the branch of astronomy concerned with the application of Newton's laws of motion to the motions of heavenly bodies

Daystarnoun

a planet (usually Venus) seen just before sunrise in the eastern sky

Descending nodenoun

the point at which an orbit crosses the ecliptic plane going south

Double starnoun

a system of two stars that revolve around each other under their mutual gravitation

Fixed starnoun

any star in the Ptolemaic theory of planetary motion

Gas giantnoun

any of the four outermost planets in the solar system; much larger than Earth and gaseous in nature (like Jupiter)

Giantnoun

a very bright star of large diameter and low density (relative to the Sun)

Giant starnoun

a very bright star of large diameter and low density (relative to the Sun)

Great Attractornoun

a massive grouping of galaxies in the direction of Centaurus and Hydra whose gravitational attraction is believed to cause deviations in the pat…

Harmonic lawnoun

a law stating that the ratio of the square of the revolutionary period (in years) to the cube of the orbital axis (in astronomical units) is the…

Inferior planetnoun

any of the planets whose orbit lies inside the earth's orbit

Jovian planetnoun

any of the four outermost planets in the solar system; much larger than Earth and gaseous in nature (like Jupiter)

Kepler's first lawnoun

a law stating that the orbit of each planet is an ellipse with the sun at one focus of the ellipse

Kepler's second lawnoun

a law concerning the speed at which planets travel; a line connecting a planet to the sun will sweep out equal areas in equal times; "Kepler's s…