Cell biology

(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colo…

transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires an expenditure of energy

a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to co…

a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to co…

a thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell; proteins in the membrane control passage of ions (like sodium or p…

a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ; "the first organelle to be identified was the nucleus"

a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ; "the first organelle to be identified was the nucleus"

the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteins; during mitotic division it condenses into chro…

the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteins; during mitotic division it condenses into chro…

a threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order; "humans have 22 chromosome pairs plus two sex chromosom…

the protoplasm of a cell excluding the nucleus; is full of proteins that control cell metabolism

a thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell; proteins in the membrane control passage of ions (like sodium or p…

the protoplasm of a cell excluding the nucleus; is full of proteins that control cell metabolism

a microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and coherence

a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells (especially in those cells that produce secretions)

a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells (especially in those cells that produce secretions)

a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells (especially in those cells that produce secretions)

a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells (especially in those cells that produce secretions)

an organelle found in the cytoplasm of most cells (especially in leukocytes and liver and kidney cells)

cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes

a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ; "the first organelle to be identified was the nucleus"

(biology, chemistry) diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentrat…

a thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell; proteins in the membrane control passage of ions (like sodium or p…

a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to co…

an organelle in the cytoplasm of a living cell; they attach to mRNA and move down it one codon at a time and then stop until tRNA brings the req…

(genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms; the nucleus divides into four nuclei each containin…

(genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms; the nucleus divides into four nuclei each containin…

(genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms; the nucleus divides into four nuclei each containin…

a cell without a nucleus (as an erythrocyte)

a cell without a nucleus (as an erythrocyte)

a cell without a nucleus (as an erythrocyte)

primitive cell or group of cells from which a mother cell develops

primitive cell or group of cells from which a mother cell develops

one of a string of thick walled vegetative resting cells formed by some algae and fungi

a body that resembles a spore but is not an endospore; produced by some bacteria

a cell that produces insulin in the isles of Langerhans in the pancreas

a mass of undifferentiated cells from which an organ or body part develops

any cell resulting from cleavage of a fertilized egg

a cell formed by the division or budding of another cell; "anthrax grows by dividing into two daughter cells that are generally identical"

a cell of an embryo

(genetics) the diploid cell resulting from the union of a haploid spermatozoon and ovum (including the organism that develops from that cell)

any of several elongated, threadlike cells (especially a muscle fiber or a nerve fiber)

any of several elongated, threadlike cells (especially a muscle fiber or a nerve fiber)

any cell or one-celled organism equipped with a flagellum

a cell of an embryo

an immature animal or plant cell that develops into a gamete by meiosis

a spermatozoon or an ovum; a cell responsible for transmitting DNA to the next generation

specialized cells in the liver that destroy bacteria, foreign proteins, and worn-out blood cells

a cell in the testes that secretes the hormone testosterone

a cell in the testes that secretes the hormone testosterone

cell from which another cell of an organism (usually of a different sort) develops; "a sperm cell develops from a sperm mother cell"

a cell resulting from parthenogenesis

a cell that is a structural and functional unit of a plant

a small cell containing little cytoplasm that is produced along with the oocyte and later discarded

a cell or organism in which genetic recombination has occurred

a spermatozoon or an ovum; a cell responsible for transmitting DNA to the next generation

elongated cells found in the seminiferous tubules of the testis; apparently they nourish the spermatids

elongated cells found in the seminiferous tubules of the testis; apparently they nourish the spermatids

a spermatozoon or an ovum; a cell responsible for transmitting DNA to the next generation

any of the cells of a plant or animal except the reproductive cells; a cell that does not participate in the production of gametes; "somatic cel…

any of the cells of a plant or animal except the reproductive cells; a cell that does not participate in the production of gametes; "somatic cel…

(genetics) the diploid cell resulting from the union of a haploid spermatozoon and ovum (including the organism that develops from that cell)

a chromosome lacking a centromere

a chromosome with the centromere near one end so that one chromosomal arm is short and one is long

any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; appear in pairs in body cells but as single chromosomes in spermatozoa

a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

small region of cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus; contains the centrioles and serves to organize the microtubules

one of a pair of small cylindrical cell organelles near the nucleus in animal cells; composed of nine triplet microtubules and form the asters d…

small region of cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus; contains the centrioles and serves to organize the microtubules

an organelle containing enzymes responsible for producing energy

a hairlike projection from the surface of a cell; provides locomotion in free-swimming unicellular organisms

the intact cytoplasmic content of a cell

the aqueous part of the cytoplasm within which various particles and organelles are suspended

the outer granule-free layer of cytoplasm

the inner portion of the cytoplasm of a cell

the clear nongranular portion of the cytoplasm of a cell

the clear nongranular portion of the cytoplasm of a cell

a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

a chromosome having two equal arms because the centromere is in median position

an organelle containing enzymes responsible for producing energy

a small round body of protein in a cell nucleus; such organelles contain RNA and are involved in protein synthesis

a small round body of protein in a cell nucleus; such organelles contain RNA and are involved in protein synthesis

a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

multinucleate sheet of cytoplasm characteristic of some stages of such organisms as slime molds

(chemistry) a method of producing pure water; a solvent passes through a semipermeable membrane in a direction opposite to that for natural osmo…

the cytoplasm of a striated muscle fiber

chromatin found only in female cells; "the presence or absence of sex chromatin in cells obtained by amniocentesis makes it possible to determin…

(genetics) a chromosome that determines the sex of an individual; "mammals normally have two sex chromosomes"

any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; appear in pairs in body cells but as single chromosomes in spermatozoa

a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei and enclosed in a membrane but no internal cell boundaries (as in muscle fibers)

a chromosome like a straight rod with the centromere in terminal position

meiosis in which there is a failure of paired homologous chromosomes to separate; results in an abnormal number of chromosomes in the daughter c…

either of two types of cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) and sometimes including platelets

a mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

a cell of the neuroglia

(genetics) an organism having two different alleles of a particular gene and so giving rise to varying offspring

(genetics) an organism having two identical alleles of a particular gene and so breeding true for the particular characteristic

a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses

a cell of the neuroglia

a cell of the neuroglia

a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses

a cell from which bone develops

a cell that engulfs and digests debris and invading microorganisms

a male gametocyte that develops into four spermatids

an undifferentiated cell whose daughter cells may differentiate into other cell types (such as blood cells)

any cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen or antibody or hormone or drug, or is the focus of contact by a virus or phagocyte or nerve…

the nucleus of the ovum or sperm after fertilization but before they fuse to form the nucleus of the zygote

the sex chromosome that is present in both sexes: singly in males and doubly in females; "human females normally have two X chromosomes"

(genetics) normal complement of sex chromosomes in a female

(genetics) abnormal complement of three X chromosomes in a female

(genetics) abnormal complement of sex hormones in a male resulting in Klinefelter's syndrome

(genetics) normal complement of sex hormones in a male

(genetics) abnormal complement of sex hormones in a male who has two Y chromosomes

the sex chromosome that is carried by men; "human males normally have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome"

a neuron conducting impulses inwards to the brain or spinal cord

a motile male gamete of a plant such as an alga or fern or gymnosperm

comparatively large neuroglial cell

long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron

long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron

a nerve cell in the brain