Specialist dictionary

Rhetoric

Persuasion, argument, style and audience.

Core vocabulary

103 featured terms

The database can contain more terms than shown here; this page prioritises the strongest mappings.

Allocutionnoun

(rhetoric) a formal or authoritative address that advises or exhorts

Exordiumnoun

(rhetoric) the introductory section of an oration or discourse

Narrationnoun

(rhetoric) the second section of an oration in which the facts are set forth

Parenesisnoun

(rhetoric) exhortation; admonition.; "In Deuteronomy it is often impossible to separate parenesis from history."

Perorationnoun

(rhetoric) the concluding section of an oration; "he summarized his main points in his peroration"

Plocenoun

(rhetoric) repetition to gain special emphasis or extend meaning

Tapinosisnoun

(rhetoric) A figure of speech whereby something is given less importance by the name given it than it merits.; "The last and perhaps the most im…

Counterargumentnoun

an argument offered in opposition to another argument

Rhetorical devicenoun

a use of language that creates a literary effect (but often without regard for literal significance)

Rhetorical questionnoun

a statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered; "he liked to make his points with rhetorical questions"

Analogynoun

the religious belief that between creature and creator no similarity can be found so great but that the dissimilarity is always greater; any ana…

Anaphoranoun

repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses

Antithesisnoun

exact opposite; "his theory is the antithesis of mine"

Chiasmusnoun

inversion in the second of two parallel phrases

Commiserationnoun

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others; "the blind are too often objects of pity"

Correspondencenoun

similarity by virtue of corresponding

Doctrine of analogynoun

the religious belief that between creature and creator no similarity can be found so great but that the dissimilarity is always greater; any ana…

Epanaphoranoun

repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses

Epiphoranoun

repetition of the ends of two or more successive sentences, verses, etc.

Epistrophenoun

repetition of the ends of two or more successive sentences, verses, etc.

Ethosnoun

(anthropology) the distinctive spirit of a culture or an era; "the Greek ethos"

Exaggerationnoun

extravagant exaggeration

Hyperbolenoun

extravagant exaggeration

Ironynoun

incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs; "the irony of Ireland's copying the nation she most hated"

Metaphornoun

a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity

Motionnoun

a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote; "he made a motion to adjourn"; "she called for the questio…

Parallelismnoun

similarity by virtue of corresponding

Pathosnoun

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others; "the blind are too often objects of pity"

Pitynoun

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others; "the blind are too often objects of pity"

Questionnoun

a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote; "he made a motion to adjourn"; "she called for the questio…

Rhetoricaladjective

of or relating to rhetoric; "accepted two or three verbal and rhetorical changes I suggested" - W.A.White; "the rhetorical sin of the meaningles…

Ruthnoun

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others; "the blind are too often objects of pity"

Understatementnoun

a statement that is restrained in ironic contrast to what might have been said

Repetitionnoun

the repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device

Anacoluthianoun

an abrupt change within a sentence from one syntactic structure to another

Anacoluthonnoun

an abrupt change within a sentence from one syntactic structure to another

Anastrophenoun

the reversal of the normal order of words

Antiphrasisnoun

the use of a word in a sense opposite to its normal sense (especially in irony)

Antithesisnoun

the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas to give a feeling of balance

Antonomasianoun

substitution of a title for a name

Apophasisnoun

mentioning something by saying it will not be mentioned

Aposiopesisnoun

breaking off in the middle of a sentence (as by writers of realistic conversations)

Apostrophenoun

address to an absent or imaginary person

Asyndetonnoun

the omission of conjunctions where they would normally be used

Catachresisnoun

strained or paradoxical use of words either in error (as ‘blatant’ to mean ‘flagrant’) or deliberately (as in a mixed metaphor: ‘blind mouths’)

Climaxnoun

arrangement of clauses in ascending order of forcefulness

Conversionnoun

interchange of subject and predicate of a proposition

Dialogismnoun

the use in a text of different tones or viewpoints, whose interaction or contradiction is important to the text's interpretation.; "What caught…

Ecphonesisnoun

an exclamatory rhetorical device; "exclamation such as ‘O tempore! O mores’"

Emphasisnoun

special and significant stress by means of position or repetition e.g.

Enallagenoun

a substitution of part of speech or gender or number or tense etc. (e.g., editorial ‘we’ for ‘I’)

Epanorthosisnoun

immediate rephrasing for intensification or justification; "epanorthosis such as ‘Seems, madam! Nay, it is’"

Epiphonemanoun

a sentence that is an exclamation, a general or striking comment, or a succinct summary of what has previously been said.; "In Chaucer's The Ree…

Epiplexisnoun

a rhetorical device in which the speaker reproaches the audience in order to incite or convince them

Exclamationnoun

an exclamatory rhetorical device; "exclamation such as ‘O tempore! O mores’"

Figurenoun

language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense

Figure of speechnoun

language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense

Hendiadysnoun

use of two conjoined nouns instead of a noun and modifier

Hypallagenoun

reversal of the syntactic relation of two words (as in ‘her beauty's face’)

Hyperbatonnoun

reversal of normal word order (as in ‘cheese I love’)

Hypozeugmanoun

use of a series of subjects with a single predicate

Hypozeuxisnoun

use of a series of parallel clauses (as in ‘I came, I saw, I conquered’)

Hysteron proteronnoun

reversal of normal order of two words or sentences etc. (as in ‘bred and born’)

Imagenoun

language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense

Inversionnoun

the reversal of the normal order of words

Litotesnoun

understatement for rhetorical effect (especially when expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary); "saying ‘I was not a little upset’ wh…

Meiosisnoun

understatement for rhetorical effect (especially when expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary); "saying ‘I was not a little upset’ wh…

Onomatopoeianoun

using words that imitate the sound they denote

Paraleipsisnoun

suggesting by deliberately concise treatment that much of significance is omitted

Paralepsisnoun

suggesting by deliberately concise treatment that much of significance is omitted

Paralipsisnoun

suggesting by deliberately concise treatment that much of significance is omitted

Paregmenonnoun

juxtaposing words having a common derivation (as in ‘sense and sensibility’)

Polysyndetonnoun

using several conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted (as in ‘he ran and jumped and laughed for joy’)

Preteritionnoun

suggesting by deliberately concise treatment that much of significance is omitted

Prolepsisnoun

anticipating and answering objections in advance

Tropenoun

language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense

Wellerismnoun

a comparison comprising a well-known quotation followed by a facetious sequel

Dead metaphornoun

a metaphor that has occurred so often that it has become a new meaning of the expression (e.g., ‘he is a snake’ may once have been a metaphor bu…

Frozen metaphornoun

a metaphor that has occurred so often that it has become a new meaning of the expression (e.g., ‘he is a snake’ may once have been a metaphor bu…

Mixed metaphornoun

a combination of two or more metaphors that together produce a ridiculous effect

Synesthetic metaphornoun

a metaphor that exploits a similarity between experiences in different sense modalities

Rebuttalnoun

the speech act of refuting by offering a contrary contention or argument

Anadiplosisnoun

repetition of the final words of a sentence or line at the beginning of the next

Anaphoranoun

using a pronoun or similar word instead of repeating a word used earlier

Epanalepsisnoun

repetition after intervening words

Epanodosnoun

repetition of a group of words in reverse order

Geminationnoun

the doubling of a word or phrase (as for rhetorical effect)

Polyptotonnoun

repetition of a word in a different case or inflection in the same sentence; "polyptoton such as ‘my own heart's heart’"

Reduplicationnoun

repetition of the final words of a sentence or line at the beginning of the next

Symplocenoun

repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning and another at the end of successive clauses, i.e., simultaneous use of anaphora and epistrophe

Conceitnoun

an elaborate poetic image or a far-fetched comparison of very dissimilar things

Hypotyposisnoun

vivid picturesque description.; "Hypotyposis, in other words, makes the mediated appear immediate and induces passive acceptance."

Ironynoun

a trope that involves incongruity between what is expected and what occurs

Kenningnoun

conventional metaphoric name for something, used especially in Old English and Old Norse poetry

Metonymynoun

substituting the name of an attribute or feature for the name of the thing itself (as in ‘they counted heads’)

Oxymoronnoun

conjoining contradictory terms (as in ‘deafening silence’)

Personificationnoun

representing an abstract quality or idea as a person or creature

Similenoun

a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed with ‘like’ or ‘as’)

Synecdochenoun

substituting a more inclusive term for a less inclusive one or vice versa

Zeugmanoun

use of a verb with two or more complements, playing on the verb's polysemy, for humorous effect; "‘Mr. Pickwick took his hat and his leave’ is a…

Dramatic ironynoun

(theater) irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play

Metalepsisnoun

substituting metonymy of one figurative sense for another

Syllepsisnoun

use of a word to govern two or more words though agreeing in number or case etc. with only one