Subject dictionary

Philosophy

Knowledge, reality, ethics, reasoning and fundamental questions.

Core vocabulary

120 featured terms

The database can contain more terms than shown here; this page prioritises the strongest mappings.

Aestheticsnoun

(art) the branch of philosophy dealing with beauty and taste (emphasizing the evaluative criteria that are applied to art); "traditional aesthet…

Aristotelianismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophy of Aristotle that deals with logic and metaphysics and ethics and poetics and politics and natural science; "Aristot…

Epistemologynoun

the philosophical theory of knowledge

Estheticsnoun

(art) the branch of philosophy dealing with beauty and taste (emphasizing the evaluative criteria that are applied to art); "traditional aesthet…

Ethicsnoun

the philosophical study of moral values and rules

Formalismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that formal (logical or mathematical) statements have no meaning but that its symbols (regarded as physica…

Hypostasisnoun

(metaphysics) essential nature or underlying reality

Logicismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that all of mathematics can be derived from formal logic

Mechanismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that all phenomena can be explained in terms of physical or biological causes

Mentalismnoun

(philosophy) a doctrine that mind is the true reality and that objects exist only as aspects of the mind's awareness

Metaphysicsnoun

the philosophical study of being and knowing

Moral philosophynoun

the philosophical study of moral values and rules

Peripateticismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophy of Aristotle that deals with logic and metaphysics and ethics and poetics and politics and natural science; "Aristot…

Philosophynoun

the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics

Adiaphoronnoun

(Stoic philosophy) a matter having no moral merit or demerit.; "Esteem (or reputation, fame, glory) was for Stoics an adiaphoron, and though it…

Aestheticnoun

(philosophy) a philosophical theory as to what is beautiful; "he despised the esthetic of minimalism"

Counter-evidencenoun

(philosophy, law, sciences) Evidence which tends to disprove a claim or hypothesis.; "People persevere in asserting all sorts of things in the f…

Counterevidencenoun

(philosophy, law, sciences) Evidence which tends to disprove a claim or hypothesis.; "People persevere in asserting all sorts of things in the f…

Cyrenaicismnoun

(philosophy) The doctrine of Cyrenaics that people should ultimately aim at the pleasure of the present moment, disregarding future pain that co…

Determinismnoun

(philosophy) a philosophical theory holding that all events are inevitable consequences of antecedent sufficient causes; often understood as den…

Empiricismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience

Empiricist philosophynoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience

Estheticnoun

(philosophy) a philosophical theory as to what is beautiful; "he despised the esthetic of minimalism"

Existential philosophynoun

(philosophy) a 20th-century philosophical movement chiefly in Europe; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they m…

Existentialismnoun

(philosophy) a 20th-century philosophical movement chiefly in Europe; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they m…

Existentialist philosophynoun

(philosophy) a 20th-century philosophical movement chiefly in Europe; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they m…

Final causenoun

(philosophy) the end or purpose of a thing or process

Idealismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that ideas are the only reality

Intuitionismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired primarily by intuition

Materialismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that matter is the only reality

Naive realismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that physical objects continue to exist when not perceived

Nativismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that some ideas are innate

Naturalismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations

Nominalismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that the various objects labeled by the same term have nothing in common but their name

Operationalismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that the meaning of a proposition consists of the operations involved in proving or applying it

Physicalismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that matter is the only reality

Platonismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that abstract concepts exist independent of their names

Pragmatismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that practical consequences are the criteria of knowledge and meaning and value

Probabilismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that (since certainty is unattainable) probability is a sufficient basis for belief and action

Rationalismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience

Realismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that abstract concepts exist independent of their names

Realismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that physical objects continue to exist when not perceived

Relativismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved

Semiologynoun

(philosophy) a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols

Semioticsnoun

(philosophy) a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols

Sensationalismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience

Sensationalismnoun

(philosophy) the ethical doctrine that feeling is the only criterion for what is good

Sensualismnoun

(philosophy) the ethical doctrine that feeling is the only criterion for what is good

Solipsismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that the self is all that you know to exist

Stoicismnoun

(philosophy) the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno

Subjectivismnoun

(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge and value are dependent on and limited by your subjective experience

Teleologynoun

(philosophy) a doctrine explaining phenomena by their ends or purposes

Vitalismnoun

(philosophy) a doctrine that life is a vital principle distinct from physics and chemistry

Agencynoun

an administrative unit of government; "the Central Intelligence Agency"; "the Census Bureau"; "Office of Management and Budget"; "Tennessee Vall…

Argumentnoun

a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning; "I can't follow your line of rea…

Argumentnoun

a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal; "the argument over foreign aid goes on and on"

Argumentationnoun

a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning; "I can't follow your line of rea…

Argumentationnoun

a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal; "the argument over foreign aid goes on and on"

Assumptionnoun

a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn; "on the assumption that he has been injured, we can infer that…

Authoritynoun

an administrative unit of government; "the Central Intelligence Agency"; "the Census Bureau"; "Office of Management and Budget"; "Tennessee Vall…

Autonomynoun

immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence

Awarenessnoun

having knowledge of; "he had no awareness of his mistakes"; "his sudden consciousness of the problem he faced"; "their intelligence and general…

Brainnoun

that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason; "his mind wandered"; "…

Bureaunoun

an administrative unit of government; "the Central Intelligence Agency"; "the Census Bureau"; "Office of Management and Budget"; "Tennessee Vall…

Causationnoun

the act of causing something to happen

Causingnoun

the act of causing something to happen

Cogencynoun

the quality of being valid and rigorous

Cognisancenoun

having knowledge of; "he had no awareness of his mistakes"; "his sudden consciousness of the problem he faced"; "their intelligence and general…

Cognizancenoun

having knowledge of; "he had no awareness of his mistakes"; "his sudden consciousness of the problem he faced"; "their intelligence and general…

Conclusionnoun

the proposition arrived at by logical reasoning (such as the proposition that must follow from the major and minor premises of a syllogism)

Consciousnessnoun

having knowledge of; "he had no awareness of his mistakes"; "his sudden consciousness of the problem he faced"; "their intelligence and general…

Consistencynoun

(logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that none of the propositions deducible from the axioms contradict one another

Contractnoun

(contract bridge) the highest bid becomes the contract setting the number of tricks that the bidder must make

Contradictionnoun

(logic) a statement that is necessarily false; "the statement ‘he is brave and he is not brave’ is a contradiction"

Contradiction in termsnoun

(logic) a statement that is necessarily false; "the statement ‘he is brave and he is not brave’ is a contradiction"

Debatenoun

a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal; "the argument over foreign aid goes on and on"

Declarationnoun

(contract bridge) the highest bid becomes the contract setting the number of tricks that the bidder must make

Deductionnoun

reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)

Deductionnoun

something that is inferred (deduced or entailed or implied); "his resignation had political implications"

Deductive reasoningnoun

reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)

Department of Statenoun

the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies; "the Department of State was created in 1789"

DOSnoun

the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies; "the Department of State was created in 1789"

Dualismnoun

the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil

Entailmentnoun

something that is inferred (deduced or entailed or implied); "his resignation had political implications"

Equalitynoun

the quality of being the same in quantity or measure or value or status

Evidencenoun

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief; "the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling"

Explanationnoun

the act of explaining; making something plain or intelligible; "I heard his explanation of the accident"

Fallacynoun

a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning

False beliefnoun

a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning

Federal agencynoun

an administrative unit of government; "the Central Intelligence Agency"; "the Census Bureau"; "Office of Management and Budget"; "Tennessee Vall…

Freedomnoun

the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints

Functionalismnoun

a psychology based on the assumption that all mental process are useful to an organism in adapting to the environment

Government agencynoun

an administrative unit of government; "the Central Intelligence Agency"; "the Census Bureau"; "Office of Management and Budget"; "Tennessee Vall…

Groundsnoun

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief; "the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling"

Headnoun

that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason; "his mind wandered"; "…

Identitynoun

the distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity; "you can lose your identity when you join the army"

Illationnoun

the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather…

Implicationnoun

something that is inferred (deduced or entailed or implied); "his resignation had political implications"

Individualitynoun

the distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity; "you can lose your identity when you join the army"

Inductionnoun

the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time); "the induction of an anesthetic state"

Inductionnoun

a formal entry into an organization or position or office; "his initiation into the club"; "he was ordered to report for induction into the army…

Inferencenoun

the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather…

Initiationnoun

a formal entry into an organization or position or office; "his initiation into the club"; "he was ordered to report for induction into the army…

Installationnoun

a formal entry into an organization or position or office; "his initiation into the club"; "he was ordered to report for induction into the army…

Instrumentalismnoun

a system of pragmatic philosophy that considers idea to be instruments that should guide our actions and their value is measured by their success

Intentionalitynoun

expressive of intentions

Justicenoun

judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishments

Knowingnessnoun

having knowledge of; "he had no awareness of his mistakes"; "his sudden consciousness of the problem he faced"; "their intelligence and general…

Legitimacynoun

lawfulness by virtue of being authorized or in accordance with law

Liberalismnoun

a political orientation that favors social progress by reform and by changing laws rather than by revolution

Libertynoun

immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence

Linenoun

a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning; "I can't follow your line of rea…

Line of reasoningnoun

a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning; "I can't follow your line of rea…

Logicnoun

reasoned and reasonable judgment; "it made a certain kind of logic"

Logicaladjective

capable of or reflecting the capability for correct and valid reasoning; "a logical mind"

Logical argumentnoun

a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning; "I can't follow your line of rea…

Mentaladjective

affected by a disorder of the mind; "a mental patient"; "mental illness"

Mental conditionnoun

(psychology) a mental condition in which the qualities of a state are relatively constant even though the state itself may be dynamic; "Stress i…

Mental statenoun

(psychology) a mental condition in which the qualities of a state are relatively constant even though the state itself may be dynamic; "Stress i…

Methodnoun

an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identi…