Exemption

The act of exempting; the state of being exempt; freedom from any charge, burden, evil, etc., to which others are subject; immunity; privilege; as, exemption of certain articles from seizure; exemption from military service; exemption from anxiety, suffering, etc.

immunity from an obligation or duty

a deduction allowed to a taxpayer because of their status (having certain dependents or being blind or being over 65 etc.); "additional exemptions are allowed for each dependent"