Afflictive: alternatives and connections

To suffer pain; to have, or be in, pain, or in continued pain; to be distressed.

The cause of continued pain of body or mind, as sickness, losses, etc.; an instance of grievous distress; a pain or grief.

Pain so extreme as to cause writhing or contortions of the body, similar to those made in the athletic contests in Greece; and hence,…

To disturb or irritate, especially by continued or repeated acts; to tease; to ruffle in mind; to vex; as, I was annoyed by his remark…

The verse repeated in a song, or the return of the theme at the end of each stanza; the chorus; refrain. Hence: That which is often re…

A picking of heart; poignant grief proceeding from a sense of guilt or consciousness of causing pain; the sting of conscience.

Causing, or fitted to cause, pain, grief, or misery.

Worthy of being deplored or lamented; lamentable; causing grief; hence, sad; calamitous; grievous; wretched; as, life's evils are depl…

The sound of, or as of, repeated strokes on a metallic body, as a bell; a repeated and monotonous sound.

Causing pain or grief.

A figure by which one striking circumstance is added, in due gradation, to another; climax; e. g., "He not only spared his enemies, bu…

Continued or repeated manifestation; occurrence, as of events of any kind; as, the existence of a calamity or of a state of war.

Sad; sorrowful; causing grief.

An exclamation denoting surprise, joy, or grief. Both as uttered and as written, it expresses a great variety of emotions, determined…

Crushing sorrow or grief; a yielding to such grief.

Causing intense grief; overpowering with anguish; very distressing.

To make bitter; hence, to make distressing or more distressing; to make sad, morose, sour, or malignant.

(psychology) the principle that behaviors are selected by their consequences; behavior having good consequences tends to be repeated w…