Research methods
Methods for designing, evaluating and communicating reliable research.
Areas within Research methods
Experimental design
Controlled studies, assignment, comparison groups and causal inference.
3 wordsQualitative research
Research using detailed non-numerical evidence and interpretive methods.
3 wordsResearch design
Research questions, study designs, hypotheses, controls, variables and causal reasoning.
65 wordsQualitative methods
Interviews, focus groups, observation, coding, themes and interpretive analysis.
67 wordsQuantitative methods
Measurement, numerical data, statistical modelling and quantitative analysis.
71 wordsSampling
Populations, samples, sampling frames, probability sampling and sampling bias.
41 wordsMeasurement, validity and reliability
Operationalisation, validity, reliability, measurement error and research quality.
88 wordsStatistical inference
Estimation, uncertainty, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals and statistical inference.
126 wordsEvidence synthesis
Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, literature searches and synthesis of evidence.
35 wordsEthics and reproducibility
Research ethics, consent, integrity, transparency, replication and reproducibility.
55 wordsData collection
Surveys, questionnaires, instruments, fieldwork, records and data capture.
36 wordsAcademic publishing
Peer review, manuscripts, citations, journals, publication and scholarly communication.
44 wordsExperimental design research
Specialist vocabulary classified under Research methods.
1 wordsResearch ethics
Specialist vocabulary classified under Research methods.
1 wordsSystematic review
Specialist vocabulary classified under Research methods.
7 words120 featured terms
The database can contain more terms than shown here; this page prioritises the strongest mappings.
the quality of being diverse and not comparable in kind
Heterogeneousnessnounthe quality of being diverse and not comparable in kind
informed consentnounconsent by a patient to undergo a medical or surgical treatment or to participate in an experiment after the patient understands the risks invol…
Abstractadjectiveexisting only in the mind; separated from embodiment; "abstract words like ‘truth’ and ‘justice’"
Accuracynounthe quality of being near to the true value; "he was beginning to doubt the accuracy of his compass"; "the lawyer questioned the truth of my acc…
Acknowledgmentnouna short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage; "the student's essay failed to list several important citations"; "the…
Age bracketnouna group of people having approximately the same age
Age groupnouna group of people having approximately the same age
Aggregationnounthe act of gathering something together
Analysisnouna set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; based on the theories of Sigmund Freud;…
Anonymitynounthe state of being anonymous
Articlenounnonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication
Assemblingnounthe act of gathering something together
Assurancenounfreedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities; "his assurance in his superiority did not make him popular"; "after that failure he l…
Authorverbbe the author of; "She authored this play"
Authoritynounfreedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities; "his assurance in his superiority did not make him popular"; "after that failure he l…
Beddedadjectivedeposited or arranged in horizontal layers; "stratified rock"
Biasadjectiveslanting diagonally across the grain of a fabric; "a bias fold"
Biasverbcause to be biased
Bibliographynouna list of writings with time and place of publication (such as the writings of a single author or the works referred to in preparing a document…
Bunchnouna grouping of a number of similar things; "a bunch of trees"; "a cluster of admirers"
Calculatornounan expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)
Cellular inclusionnounany small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases); "an inclusion in the cytoplasm of the cell"
Centerverbdirect one's attention on something; "Please focus on your studies and not on your hobbies"
Centreverbdirect one's attention on something; "Please focus on your studies and not on your hobbies"
Chromanounchromatic purity: freedom from dilution with white and hence vivid in hue
Citationnouna short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage; "the student's essay failed to list several important citations"; "the…
Citenouna short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage; "the student's essay failed to list several important citations"; "the…
Clumpnouna grouping of a number of similar things; "a bunch of trees"; "a cluster of admirers"
Clusternouna grouping of a number of similar things; "a bunch of trees"; "a cluster of admirers"
Clusteringnouna grouping of a number of similar things; "a bunch of trees"; "a cluster of admirers"
Codingnounact of writing in code or cipher
Cogencynounthe quality of being valid and rigorous
Cohortnouna group of people having approximately the same age
Collectingnounthe act of gathering something together
Collectionnounthe act of gathering something together
Computernounan expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)
Concentrateverbdirect one's attention on something; "Please focus on your studies and not on your hobbies"
Confidencenounfreedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities; "his assurance in his superiority did not make him popular"; "after that failure he l…
Confidentialitynounthe state of being secret; "you must respect the confidentiality of your client's communications"
Consentnounpermission for something to happen; "he indicated his consent"
Consequencenouna phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decisio…
Constructverbdraw with suitable instruments and under specified conditions; "construct an equilateral triangle"
Controlnoun(physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc; "the timing and control of his movements were unimpaired"; "he had…
Conveniencenounthe quality of being useful and convenient; "they offered the convenience of an installment plan"
Creditnouna short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage; "the student's essay failed to list several important citations"; "the…
Cross-sectionaladjectiveof or relating to a cross section; "a cross-sectional slice"
Cryptographynounact of writing in code or cipher
Datanouna collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn; "statistical data"
Data-basedadjectiverelying on observation or experiment; "experimental results that supported the hypothesis"
Dependabilitynounthe quality of being dependable or reliable
Dependablenessnounthe quality of being dependable or reliable
Dependentadjectiveheld from above and hanging down; "a pendant bunch of grapes"
Depth psychologynouna set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; based on the theories of Sigmund Freud;…
Descriptive anthropologynounthe branch of anthropology that provides scientific description of individual human societies
Designnounthe act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan); "he contributed to the design of a new instrument"
Designingnounthe act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan); "he contributed to the design of a new instrument"
Disproofnounthe act of determining that something is false
Duplicabilitynounthe quality of being reproducible
Editornoun(computer science) a program designed to perform such editorial functions as rearrangement or modification or deletion of data
Editor programnoun(computer science) a program designed to perform such editorial functions as rearrangement or modification or deletion of data
Effectnouna phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decisio…
Ejectionnounthe act of forcing out someone or something; "the ejection of troublemakers by the police"; "the child's expulsion from school"
Enquirynouna search for knowledge; "their pottery deserves more research than it has received"
Errornouna wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention; "he made a bad mistake"; "she was quick to point out my errors"; "I cou…
Estimatornounan expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)
Ethicsnounthe philosophical study of moral values and rules
Ethnographynounthe branch of anthropology that provides scientific description of individual human societies
Eventnouna phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decisio…
Evidencenounan indication that makes something evident; "his trembling was evidence of his fear"
Exclusionnounthe act of forcing out someone or something; "the ejection of troublemakers by the police"; "the child's expulsion from school"
Experimentnouna venture at something new or different; "as an experiment he decided to grow a beard"
Experimentaladjectiverelying on observation or experiment; "experimental results that supported the hypothesis"
Expulsionnounthe act of forcing out someone or something; "the ejection of troublemakers by the police"; "the child's expulsion from school"
Fabricationnounthe act of making something (a product) from raw materials; "the synthesis and fabrication of single crystals"; "an improvement in the manufactu…
Falsificationnounthe act of determining that something is false
Falsifyingnounthe act of determining that something is false
Faultnouna wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention; "he made a bad mistake"; "she was quick to point out my errors"; "I cou…
Field worknounan investigation carried out in the field rather than in a laboratory or headquarters
Fieldworknounan investigation carried out in the field rather than in a laboratory or headquarters
Figurernounan expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)
Focusverbdirect one's attention on something; "Please focus on your studies and not on your hobbies"
Framenouna framework that supports and protects a picture or a mirror; "the frame enhances but is not itself the subject of attention"; "the frame was mu…
Frameworknouna hypothetical description of a complex entity or process; "the computer program was based on a model of the circulatory and respiratory systems"
Framingnouna framework that supports and protects a picture or a mirror; "the frame enhances but is not itself the subject of attention"; "the frame was mu…
Groupverbarrange into a group or groups; "Can you group these shapes together?"
Hypothesisnouna tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena; "a sci…
Ideanoun(music) melodic subject of a musical composition; "the theme is announced in the first measures"; "the accompanist picked up the idea and elabor…
Illationnounthe reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather…
Implicationnouna meaning that is not expressly stated but can be inferred; "the significance of his remark became clear only later"; "the expectation was sprea…
Importnouna meaning that is not expressly stated but can be inferred; "the significance of his remark became clear only later"; "the expectation was sprea…
Inclusionnounany small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases); "an inclusion in the cytoplasm of the cell"
Inclusion bodynounany small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases); "an inclusion in the cytoplasm of the cell"
Independentadjectivefree from external control and constraint; "an independent mind"; "a series of independent judgments"; "fiercely independent individualism"
Inferencenounthe reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather…
Informationnouna collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn; "statistical data"
Informedadjectivehaving much knowledge or education; "an informed public"; "informed opinion"; "the informed customer"
Inquirynouna search for knowledge; "their pottery deserves more research than it has received"
Inspectionnouna formal or official examination; "the platoon stood ready for review"; "we had to wait for the inspection before we could use the elevator"
Instrumentnounthe means whereby some act is accomplished; "my greed was the instrument of my destruction"; "science has given us new tools to fight disease"
Instrumentverbequip with instruments for measuring, recording, or controlling
Integritynounmoral soundness; "he expects to find in us the common honesty and integrity of men of business"; "they admired his scrupulous professional integ…
Intensitynounchromatic purity: freedom from dilution with white and hence vivid in hue
Intervalnounthe distance between things; "fragile items require separation and cushioning"
Interviewverbconduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting
Interviewnounthe questioning of a person (or a conversation in which information is elicited); often conducted by journalists; "my interviews with teenagers…
Issuenouna phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decisio…
Journalnouna periodical dedicated to a particular subject; "he reads the medical journals"
Limited reviewnoun(accounting) a service (less exhaustive than an audit) that provides some assurance to interested parties as to the reliability of financial data
Litnounthe humanistic study of a body of literature; "he took a course in Russian lit"
Literaturenounthe humanistic study of a body of literature; "he took a course in Russian lit"
Longitudinaladjectiveover an extended time; "a longitudinal study of twins"
Manufacturenounthe act of making something (a product) from raw materials; "the synthesis and fabrication of single crystals"; "an improvement in the manufactu…
Manufacturingnounthe act of making something (a product) from raw materials; "the synthesis and fabrication of single crystals"; "an improvement in the manufactu…
Manuscriptnounthe form of a literary work submitted for publication
Measurenounthe act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule; "the measurements were carefully done"; "his mental measurings proved…
Measurementnounthe act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule; "the measurements were carefully done"; "his mental measurings proved…
Measuringnounthe act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule; "the measurements were carefully done"; "his mental measurings proved…
Melodic themenoun(music) melodic subject of a musical composition; "the theme is announced in the first measures"; "the accompanist picked up the idea and elabor…
Mensurationnounthe act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule; "the measurements were carefully done"; "his mental measurings proved…
